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 | ITALY[Italia] : |
| General useful information |
| Note: some data are of constant value, while other are due to changes, fluctuations etc. |
| Nation and population |
| official name (short form): Italia |
| country code ISO: IT //; - FIPS: IT |
| location: Southern Europe |
| time zone: +1 UT* [*= applying daylight saving time] |
| surface (land) area: 301277 sq.km = 116324 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: sq.km = sq.mi |
| geographical position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 47°06' N / South: 35°30' N / East: 06°04' E / West: 05°50' E |
| borders (land): France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia |
| borders (coastline): Mediterranean Sea // length of coastline: 7375 km |
| climate: Mediterranean; in the Northern mountainous areas: alpine |
| Government |
| independent since: 1861-03-17 ; 1871 |
| type of government: republic |
| capital: Roma (Rome) |
| administrative division: regione (20) into province (103) |
| Population |
| population according to the latest census (2001): 56305,568 [provisional results] |
| total population according to the estimate of midyear 2000: 57634,327; or: 57690,000 |
| population density: 189 per sq.km = 490 per sq.mi |
| population growth: 0,2% //; - doubling time: not applicable, exceeds 100 years |
| birth rate: 9 - 11 per 1000 |
| death rate: 10 - 11 per 1000 |
| fertility rate: 1 child per female |
| maternal mortality: 10 per 100,000 |
| infant mortality (1-4 years): 10 per 1000 |
| life expectancy: 79 years (male: 76; female: 82) |
| age breakdown: 0-14 years: 17% //; - 15-59 years: 63% //; - 60+ years: 20% |
| urbanisation: 67% //; - urbanisation growth: 1% |
| percentage of urban population in the greatest city: 17% |
| Ethnic composition, language, religion |
| ethnic groups: Italian 94%; German, French, Greek, Albanian, Slovene, Ladino |
| languages: Italian (official) 94%; Sardinian, Ladino, Friaul, German, French, Slovene |
| religious affiliation: Roman Catholic slightly more than 83%; other ca. 15% |
| Health |
| daily food intake: 3608 calories per capita |
| population with access to safe water: 99% |
| people per physician: 140 |
| people per hospital bed: 178 |
| Education, literacy |
| school enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: 96% |
| school enrolment: secondary education: 78% |
| school enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: 29% |
| adult literacy: 98,5% (male: %; female: %) |
| Economy and infrastructure |
| Economy and trade |
| currency: Euro = 100 cent (until 2002: Lira = 100 centesimi) |
| annual inflation rate: 4% |
| population below poverty line: 12% |
| Gross Domestic Product: USD 19020 per capita |
| GNI USD 20160 per capita //; - [ppp: 23470] |
| GDP growth: 1,4% |
| income: USD 18580 per capita |
| import: USD 206966 per capita //; - export: USD 250830 per capita |
| trade: USD 6200 per capita //; - or 44% of GDP |
| trade partners: DE FR US GB NL |
| human development index: 0,909 //; - position of the country in the world no.: 20 |
| female labour force: 39% |
| unemployment: 10% |
| tourism: 41 million |
| Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy |
| land use: arable land: 41% //; - grass land: 16% //; - wooded area: 23% //; - arid land and desert: % |
| agriculture: labour force: 9% //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 3% |
| agricultural products: wheat, barley, vegetables, grapes, fruit, olives, fish |
| livestock (million): cattle: 7,4 / goats: 1,3 / horses: 0,3 / pigs: 8,4 / poultry: 138 / sheep: 11 |
| fish catch: 562196 metric tonnes |
| industry: labour force: 20% //; - part of industry in GDP: 33% |
| industrial products: iron & steel, chemicals, food processing, oil refining, vehicles, textiles, wine, machinery, shoes, clothing |
| mining products: natural oil & gas, iron ore, mercury, zinc, lignite, sulphur, marble, potash |
| CO2 emission per capita: 7,2 |
| services: labour force: 71% //; - part of services in GDP: 64% |
| energy use (kg per capita): 2932 |
| electricity use (per capita): 4535 |
| annual water use (per capita): 986 |
| Traffic, communication |
| road network: 302403, or 441800 km //; - of which paved: 100% //; - of which are motorways: 6478 km |
| vehicles: 438 per 1000 |
| railways: 16092, or: 19566 km //; - railways passenger/km: 49700 |
| navigable inland waterways: 2400 km |
| ownership telephone: 433 per 1000 |
| ownership radio receivers: 801 - 874 per 1000 |
| ownership tv-sets: 278 - 483 per 1000 |
| newspaper circulation: 105 per 1000 |
| persons per post office: 4050 |
| personal computers: 180 per 1000 |
| Some physical landmarks |
| mountains: Monte Bianco (Mont Blanc) 4807 m, Monte Rosa 4634, Cervino 4478, Gran Paradiso 4061, Pizzo Bernina 4050 |
| lowest point: sea level |
| lakes (natural): Lago di Garda, L. Maggiore, L. di Como, L. Trasimeno, L. Bolsena, L. d'Iseo, L. Varano |
| lakes (artificial reservoirs): some small ones |
| lakes (deepest): unknown |
| rivers: Po, Ŕdige, Tévere, Adda, Oglio, Tánaro, Ticino, Arno, Piave, Reno |
| canals: none, or unknown |
| waterfalls: Frua 143 m |
| caves: longest system: unknown / deepest: |
| islands: Sicilia, Sardegna, Elba, Sant'Antioco, Pantellaria |
| deserts: none |
| other natural features: vulcano: Etna 3323 m, Vesuvio 1281, Stromboli 924 |
| Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information |
| other important features: |
| apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in most cases they date from the 1990's |
| primary sources used for the general information: |
| BB CA EV PW WA WB WR, and some national statistical yearbooks |
| particulars concerning population data: |
To the page containing the population growth statistics of the country
To the page containing the historical population growth statistics of the regions
To the page containing the historical population growth statistics of the provinces
To the page containing urban historical population statistics
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