All countries of the world listed from A-Z:

List of all countries of the world

or choose from the countries per continent below:

Countries of Africa

Countries of the Americas

Countries of Asia

Countries of Europe

Countries of Oceania

USA per state


POPULATION STATISTICS: historical demography of all countries, their divisions and towns

About this siteFrequently Asked QuestionsLinks to other sitesRemarks on the dataSources used for the dataRecent updates of the data
map of Turkmenistan; source WRTURKMENISTAN

general data of the country


 
General useful information
 
Note: some data are of constant value, while other are due to changes, fluctuations etc.
 
Nation and population
official name (short form): Tūrkmenistan
country code ISO: TM //; - FIPS: TX
location: West Central Asia
time zone: +5 UT
surface (land) area: 488100 sq.km = 188455 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: sq.km = sq.mi
geographical position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 43° N / South: 35° N / East: 67° E / West: 53° E
borders (land): Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran
borders (coastline): Caspian Sea
climate: continental arid
Government
independent since: 1991-10-27
type of government: republic
capital: A`'sgabat
administrative division: welayah [=province] (4) + city (1)
Population
population according to the latest census (1995): 4000,460; or: 4483,251
total population according to the estimate of midyear 2000: 4518,268; or: 5199,000 /-; 2001: 4603,244; or: 5170,000
population density: 9,3 per sq.km = 24 per sq.mi
population growth: 2,6% //; - doubling time: 29 years
birth rate: 29 - 32 per 1000
death rate: 8 - 9 per 1000
fertility rate: 4 children per female
maternal mortality: per 100,000
infant mortality (1-4 years): 46 per 1000
life expectancy: 61 - 65 years (male: 57 - 62; female: 65 - 69)
age breakdown: 0-14 years: 41% //; - 15-59 years: 53% //; - 60+ years: 6%
urbanisation: 45% //; - urbanisation growth: %
percentage of urban population in the greatest city: %
Ethnic composition, language, religion
ethnic groups: Turkmen 77%; Uzbek 9,2%; Russian 6,7%; Kazak 2%; Armenian 0,8%; Ukrainian 0,8%; Tatar 0,8%; Azerbaijan 0,8%
languages: Turkmen (official); Russian, Uzbek
religious affiliation: Sunnī Muslim 87% (source PW states here: Shī'īte Muslim!); Christian (Eastern Orthodox) 2,5%
Health
daily food intake: 2684 calories per capita
population with access to safe water: 58%
people per physician: 330
people per hospital bed: 97
Education, literacy
school enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: %
school enrolment: secondary education: %
school enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: %
adult literacy: % (male: 98%; female: 97%)
 
Economy and infrastructure
 
Economy and trade
currency: Manat = 100 tenesi
annual inflation rate: 408%
population below poverty line: %
Gross Domestic Product: USD 1270 per capita
GNI USD 750 per capita //; - [ppp: 3800]
GDP growth: -8%
income: USD 1700 per capita
import: USD 1364 per capita //; - export: USD 1881 per capita
trade: USD 350 per capita //; - or 93% of GDP
trade partners: CIS-countries TR IR
human development index: 0,73 //; - position of the country in the world no.: 83
female labour force: 46%
unemployment: 3%
tourism: 0,3million
Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy
land use: arable land: 3% //; - grass land: 62% //; - wooded area: 8% //; - arid land and desert: 25%
agriculture: labour force: 43% //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 43%
agricultural products: seed cotton, vegetables, grain, fruit
livestock (1000s): asses: 24 / camels: 40 / cattle: 850 / goats: 368 / horses: 16 / pigs: 46 / poultry: 4550 / sheep: 5600
fish catch: metric tonnes
industry: labour force: 11% //; - part of industry in GDP: 41%
industrial products: metal & metalworks, food products, chemical products, construction materials, textiles
mining products: sulphur, sodium sulphate, potassium, salt, natural oil & gas, coal
CO2 emission per capita: 5,7
services: labour force: 47% //; - part of services in GDP: 16%
energy use (kg per capita): 2677
electricity use (per capita): 944
annual water use (per capita): 6390
Traffic, communication
road network: 22600, or 24000 km //; - of which paved: 81% //; - of which are motorways: 0 km
vehicles: 46 per 1000
railways: 2187, or 2393 km //; - railways passenger/km: 2100
navigable inland waterways: 0 km
ownership telephone: 82 - 215 per 1000
ownership radio receivers: 189 - 289 per 1000
ownership tv-sets: 189 - 240 per 1000
newspaper circulation: per 1000
persons per post office:
personal computers: per 1000
 
Some physical landmarks
 
mountains: Gora Reza 2942 m, Gora Masinev 2335, Gora Tagarev 2246
lowest point: 26 m below sea level, at the border of the Caspian Sea
lakes (natural): Caspian Sea, including Zaliv Kara Bogaz-Gol
lakes (artificial reservoirs): none, or unknown
lakes (deepest): Caspian Sea
rivers: Amu Darya, Atrak
canals: Karakumskiy Kanal
waterfalls: none, or unknown
caves: longest system: none, or unknown / deepest:
islands: none
deserts: Kara Kum
other natural features:
 
Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information
 
other important features:
apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in most cases they date from the 1990's
 
primary sources used for the general information:
BB CA EV PW WA WB WR, and some national statistical yearbooks
particulars concerning population data:
 

top    To the page containing the population growth statistics of the country

next    To the page containing the historical population growth statistics of the provinces

down    To the page containing urban historical population statistics

back    Back to the homepage of this website: POPULATION STATISTICS


back     Internet website:
Turkmenistan Online

back     Internet website:
Turkmenistan General Overview


Latest modification of this page on 2004-03-12 by Jan Lahmeyer
© "populstat" site: Jan Lahmeyer