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POPULATION STATISTICS: historical demography of all countries, their divisions and towns

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map of Brazil; source WRBRAZIL

[Brasil] : general data of the country

 
General useful information
 
Note: some data are of constant value, while other are due to changes, fluctuations etc.
 
Nation and population
 
official name (short form): Brasil
country code ISO: BR [BRA] //; - FIPS: BR
location: occupies the Eastern half of South America
time zone: -3 / - 5 UT
surface (land) area: 8511965 sq.km = 3285618 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: sq.km = sq.mi
position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 05°16'20" N / South: 33°45'03" S / East: 34°47'30" W / West: 73°59'32" W
borders (land): all countries of South America except Chile and Ecuador
borders (coastline): Atlantic Ocean
climate: subtropical, tropical
Government
independent since: 1822-09-07
type of government: republic
capital: Brasilia
administrative division: estado (26) + distrito federal [federal dictrict] (1)
Population
population according to the latest - or last two - censuses (1991): 146825,475 //; - (2000): 169799,170
total population according to the estimate of midyear 2000: 170406,000 ; 2001: 172176,000 ; 2002: 174485,000
population density: 20 per sq.km = 52 per sq.mi
population growth: 2,1% //; - doubling time: 58 years
birth rate: 18 - 26 per 1000
death rate: 7 - 9 per 1000
fertility rate: 3 children per female
maternal mortality: 120 per 100,000
infant mortality (in the first year of life): 37 per 1000
infant mortality (from 1st - 4th year of life): 33 per 1000
life expectancy: 66 years (male: 59 - 64; female: 69)
age breakdown: 0-14 years: 35% //; - 15-59 years: 58% //; - 60+ years: 7%
urbanisation: 81% //; - urbanisation growth: 2,5%
percentage of urban population in the greatest city: 16%
Ethnic composition, language, religion
ethnic groups: White 53%; Mulatto 22%; Mestizo 12%; Black 11%; Indian 0,1%
languages: Portuguese, Amerindian
religious affiliation: Roman Catholic 74%; Protestant 15%; non religious 7%; other: 4%
Health
daily food intake: 2926 calories per capita
population with access to safe water: 72% [FW 2000: 87%]
people per physician: 774
people per hospital bed: 313
Education, literacy
school enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: virtually 100%
school enrolment: secondary education: 38%
school enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: 11%
adult literacy: 85% [FW 2000: 87%] (male: %; female: %)
 
Economy and infrastructure
 
Economy and trade
currency: Real (R$) = 100 centesimo [former names: Cruzeiro, Cruzado]
annual inflation rate: 208% [FW 2003: 9%]
population below poverty line: 17% [FW 1990-2001: 10%]
Gross Domestic Product: USD 42500 per capita
GNI USD 2830 - 3580 per capita //; - [ppp: 7300 - 7450]
GDP growth: 1,5%
income: USD 2920 per capita
import: USD 53737 per capita //; - export: USD 46505 per capita
trade: USD 343 per capita //; - or 19% of GDP
trade partners: US DE AR NL JP IQ CN IT
human development index: 0,75 //; - position of the country in the world no.: 69
female labour force: 36%
unemployment: 7 - 11%
tourism: 5,3 million
Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy
land use: arable land: 7% //; - grass land: 22% //; - wooded area: 58% //; - arid land and desert: %
agriculture: labour force: 29% [FW 2000: 19%] //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 10% [FW 2002: 6%]
agricultural products: coffee, soybeans, sugarcane, cocoa, (citrus) fruit & fruitjuices, rice, corn, wheat
livestock (million): asses: 1 / buffalo: 1 / cattle: 170-176 / goats: 9 / horses: 6 / mules: 1 / pigs: 31 / poultry: 892-1050 / sheep: 15
fish catch: 655000 - 847268 metric tonnes
industry: labour force: 16% [FW 2000: 21%] //; - part of industry in GDP: 39% [FW 2002: 21%]
industrial products: steel, petrochemicals, transport equipment, chemicals, machinery , textiles, shoes, autos
mining products: coal, iron ore, manganese, gold, bauxite, copper, diamonds, oil, nickel, tin, uranium, silver
CO2 emission per capita: 1,8
services: labour force: 55% [FW 2000: 60%] //; - part of services in GDP: 51% [FW 2002: 73%]
energy use (kg per capita): 1068
electricity use (per capita): 1811
annual water use (per capita): 246
Traffic, communication
road network: 1980000 km //; - of which paved: 9% //; - of which are motorways: 6225 km [Trans-Amazon highway 5000]
vehicles: 100 - 137 per 1000 // international license plate: BR
railways: 30500 km //; - railways passenger/km: 14500
navigable inland waterways: 52000 km
ownership telephone: 78 - 218 per 1000 // international dialling code: +55
ownership radio receivers: 340 - 446 per 1000
ownership tv-sets: 228 - 317 per 1000
newspaper circulation: 45 per 1000
persons per post office: 14300
personal computers: 44 per 1000
 
Some physical landmarks
 
mountains: Pico da Neblina 3014 m, Pico 31 de Março 2992, Pico de Bandeira 2890
lowest point: sea level
lakes (natural): Lagoa Mirim, L. Mangueira (Lagoa do Patos is more a lagune)
lakes (artificial reservoirs): Sobradinho, Ilha Grande, Furnas
lakes (deepest): unknown
rivers: Amazonas (Solimões), Rio Negro, São Francisco, Paraña, Madeira, Tapajós, Xingú, Tocatins
canals: unknown
waterfalls: Glass 404 m, Paulo Alfonso 84, Iguacu 70
caves: longest system: unknown / deepest:
islands: Ilha do Marajó, I. Grande de Gurupá, I. Caviana de Fora, I, Mexiana, Fernando de Noronha
deserts: none
other natural features:
 
Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information
 
other important features:
apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in most cases they date from the 1990's
 
primary sources used for the general information:
BB CA DK EV FW PW WA WB WR, and some - local national or international - statistical yearbooks
particulars concerning population data:
 

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Latest modification of this page on 2004-12-21 by Jan Lahmeyer
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