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POPULATION STATISTICS: historical demography of all countries, their divisions and towns

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map of Russia; source: CARUSSIA

[Rossija] :
general data of the country


 
General useful information
 
Note: some data are of constant value, while other are due to changes, fluctuations etc.
 
Nation and population
official name (short form): Rossija ; Rossijskaja Federa`'cija
country code ISO: RU //; - FIPS: RS
location: East Europe, North Asia
time zones: from +3 to +12 UT* [*= applying daylight saving time]
surface (land) area: 173750400 sq.km = 6592800 sq.mi //; - area incl. inland waters: sq.km = sq.mi
geographical position in extreme co-ordinates: North: 81°N / South: 42° N / East: 169° W / West: 19° E
borders (land): too many countries in East Europe and Central and East Asia to mention here
borders (coastline): Arctic Sea, Baltic Sea, Black Sea, North Atlantic Ocean, North Pacific Ocean
climate: various, mostly cold continental
Government
independent since: 9th cent.; 1991-12-08
type of government: republic
capital: Moskva (Moscow)
administrative division: oblast, kraj, okrug: for more details see the separate file
Population
population according to the latest census (1989): 147021,869, or: 147400,537
total population according to the estimate of midyear 2000: 146001,200; or: 145555,000 /-; 2001: 144664,000
population density: 8 per sq.km = 22 per sq.mi
population growth: -0,02% //; - doubling time: not applicable, declining population
birth rate: 9 per 1000
death rate: 14 - 15 per 1000
fertility rate: 1 child per female
maternal mortality: per 100,000
infant mortality (1-4 years): 17 per 1000
life expectancy: 67 years (male: 62; female: 73)
age breakdown: 0-14 years: 23% //; - 15-59 years: 61,5% //; - 60+ years: 15,5%
urbanisation: 73 - 77% //; - urbanisation growth: %
percentage of urban population in the greatest city: 9%
Ethnic composition, language, religion
ethnic groups: Russian 81,5%; Tatar 3,8%; Ukrainian 3%; Chuvash 1%; Bashkir 1%; other 10%
languages: Russian (official); many others
religious affiliation: Russian Orthodox 75%; Roman Catholic, Protestant, Jew, Buddhist, Muslim 10%; non religious 15%
Health
daily food intake: 2835 calories per capita
population with access to safe water: 99%
people per physician: 215
people per hospital bed: 85
Education, literacy
school enrolment: primary education 6-11 years: 90%
school enrolment: secondary education: 47%
school enrolment: tertiary education 20-24 years: 13%
adult literacy: 99% (male: %; female: %)
 
Economy and infrastructure
 
Economy and trade
currency: Ruble = 100 kopek
annual inflation rate: 162%
population below poverty line: 31%
Gross Domestic Product: USD 2650 per capita
GNI USD 1660 per capita //; - [ppp: 8010]
GDP growth: -4,6%
income: USD per capita
import: USD 46680 per capita //; - export: USD 79910 per capita
trade: USD per capita //; - or 60% of GDP
trade partners: DE CN US JP IT GB
human development index: 0,775 //; - position of the country in the world no.: 55
female labour force: 49%
unemployment: 13%
tourism: 21 million
Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy
land use: arable land: 10% //; - grass land: 37% //; - wooded area: 50% //; - arid land and desert: 3%
agriculture: labour force: 13,5% //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 12%
agricultural products: wheat, timber, sugar beets, vegetables
livestock (million): cattle: 27 / goats: 1,7 / horses: 1,7 / pigs: 18 / poultry: 349 / sheep: 14
fish catch: 4141000 - 4720000 metric tonnes
industry: labour force: 41,9% //; - part of industry in GDP: 48%
industrial products: machinery, transport equipment, machine tools, steel, chemicals, textiles, paper
mining products: coal, natural gas & oil, gold, diamonds, precious metals, manganese, mercury, potash, bauxite, cobalt, tin, >
CO2 emission per capita: 9,8 // > more mining products: zinc, lead, molybdenum, nickel, phosphates, silver, tungsten
services: labour force: 44,6% //; - part of services in GDP: 36%
energy use (kg per capita): 4121
electricity use (per capita):
annual water use (per capita):
Traffic, communication
road network: 854000 (949000) km //; - of which paved: 67% //; - of which are motorways: 29200 km
vehicles: 1 per 1000
railways: 87090, or: 152000 km //; - railways passenger/km: 263800
navigable inland waterways: 101000 km
ownership telephone: 170 -210 per 1000
ownership radio receivers: 418 per 1000
ownership tv-sets: 380 - 421 per 1000
newspaper circulation: 267 per 1000
persons per post office: 3250
personal computers: 43 per 1000
 
Some physical landmarks
 
mountains: El'brus 5642 m, Kazbek 5047, Klyuchevskaya Sopka 4750
lowest point: 26 m below sea level: borders of the Caspian Sea
lakes (natural): Caspian Sea, Baykal, Ladoga, Onega
lakes (artificial reservoirs): several
lakes (deepest): Baykal
rivers: [only some main ones from e-w]: Kolyma, Amur, Lena, Yenisey, Ob', Irtysh, Ural, Pechora, Volga, Don
canals: Volga Don Canal, Volga Baltic Waterway
waterfalls: unknown
caves: longest system: unknown / deepest:
islands: Novaya Zemlya, Sakhalin, Severnaya Z., Novosibirskiye Ostrova, Z. Frantsa-Iosifa
deserts: no real desert landscapes, but arid steppe and tundra regions
other natural features:
 
Additional remarks, especially on the statistical information
 
other important features:
apart from physical landmarks most of the above figures are changeable, in most cases they date from the 1990's
not all figures are available, several sources only state data of the former Soviet Union
primary sources used for the general information:
BB CA EV PW WA WB WR, and some national statistical yearbooks
particulars concerning population data:
 

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Latest modification of this page on 2004-03-03 by Jan Lahmeyer
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